Tile building-wall



(No Mode'ml I J. STEWART, JL

TILE BUILDING WALL.- No. 510,720. A' Patented DQQA. 12, 1893.

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. 3o l the usual Way, as shownl in Fig. 1.

UNITED I-STATES PATENT .K OFFICE.

.I JOHN sTEwAET,JE.,oE GREAT;EALLsAssIGNoRTo HIMsELE,cHARLEs A. STEWART,l AND GEORGE A.sTE wAET, or soMERswoRTH, NEW

HAMPSHIRE.

TIL'E BUILDING-WALL.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,720, dated December 12, 1893.

Application filed January 31.1893. Serial No. 460,301. (No model.)

Great Falls, in the county of'Strafford and State of New Hampshire, have invented a 5 new and Improved Building-Tile, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention will be Afirst described and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar iigures of reference indicate corresponding partsinxhall the views. l

' Figure 1 is a brcken persgedtive view of a wall made of my improved tiles,a portion of the wall being shown filled with the concrete and provided with air spaces. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail perspective view of a corner piece used in forming a corner tile. Fig. 34 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the side pieces of the tile. view of a modified form of side piece. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of a cross partition and brace used at the corner ot' a wall; and-Fig. 6 is abroken perspective view of a portion of a wall in which a modified form of the tile is utilized.

l Each tile is made u p of several pieces adapted to be connected together vand after the tiles are formed they may be laid in the `wall in The tiles composing the main or body portion of the wall are each provided with similar side pieces 10, except that it' desired the outside sidey piece may be made of terra-cotta, or other ornamental material, and the side pieces have on their inner sides and near their ends vertical ribs 11 with inwardly inclined edges next the ends of the side pieces, so that when two side pieces are laid end to end, as shown in Fig. -1`, the adjacent ribs 11 of the side pieces will form a dovetailgroovev between them adapted to receive the dovetail heads or keys 13 which are formed on the the same width or height as the side pieces 10, and it will be seen that when thetiles are laid, the cross pieces tie the opposite side pieces firmly together. To prevent any dis- Fig. 4 is a perspective cross pieces 12.l These cross pieces 12 are of `also is of the same height as the side pieces and which, when fastened inv place, makes the tile very strong. It will be observed that when the 'two side pieces of the tile are connected by the cross pieces and braced, as described, a rectangular tile is formed, which may be laid in the usual way and which is n hollow so that a wall formed of such tiles will have an air space within it which serves' to prevent sudden changes of temperature within the building formed of such walls, and which also prevents dampness -frorn passing readily through the'wall. For greater strength, however, the walls maybe free or partially free, ashereinafter described.

The corner tiles are necessari-lyA of al somewhat difterent shape from those used in formin g the body of the' wall, and the corner tile isprovided on one side with a corner piece 16 which is substantially like Ythe side piece 10 having the ribs 11 and 14: previouslydescribed, but it has also an end flange 17 extending from one yside of it at arightangle so as to form a portion of the end of the tile, and this end flange is provided with one of .the ribs 11 alluded to above.

' making a'corner of a wall the in nerside piece of one wall projects bythe inner side piece ofthe 'wall at right angles to the lirst wall, as

shown in Fig. 1, and the correspondingouterv Vside piece abuts with the end of the flange 17.

It is therefore necessary to use a short connecting cross piece 19, see Fig.vv 1, to extend parallel with the ange 17, and this cross piece is provided at one end with a head 13 to tit between the ribs 1l ofthe adjacent side pieces and with a rib 11 to extend parallel with the rib of the side piece, with the end of which the cross piece 19 abuts.

A tie bar or brace 20 extends parallelwith iss the corner piece 16 and this tie bar is provided at the ends with dovetail heads 13 which fit between the ribs 11 of the flange 17 and the adjacent side piece, and also between the ribs 11 of the cross piece 19 and the adjacent side piece, and the tie bar is provided near the center and on both sides with parallel ribs 14 adapted to receive cross bracesl", one of which is held also between the ribs 14 of the corner piece 16 and the other of which extends between ribs 14a on a cross brace 15', which brace extends parallel with the tie bar 20 and is held betweenribs 14 of the tile next the corner. This construction will be clearly understood by reference to Fig. 1.

For lling certain short places such as in squaring up next the frames of a window or door, half tiles may be used and in forming these, side pieces 10 are employed, these side pieces being shorter than 4the usual side pieces and having the ribs 11 of their inner sides for the purpose above specied. These ribs are so near together that a cross brace 15 may be held between them if necessary.

If the wall is to be light and a large air space between it isdesired no filling for the tiles is employed, as illustrated at the left-handin Fig. 1, but if a very strong wall is to be made, the tiles may be filled with concrete or other suitable filling, as shown at 21 in Fig. 1. Where it is desired to have a strong wall and yet provide an air spacewithin it, the construction shown in Fig. 6 may be employed, in whichcase the tiles are provided with side pieces 10Vc having the ribs 11 at the ends, as already described; and the side pieces are held together by cross braces 22 which have ribs 14 at a point near their outer ends, and a cross brace 15 is held between the ribs of the opposite cross pieces'22 and the space between the cross brace 15 and the inner side piece 10c filled with concrete, while the space 24 between the cross brace on the outer sidepiece 10c is left open.

`It will be lreadily seen that as every part of the tile is of a generally tlat shape, the said parts may be very easily molded and the construction described enables them to be easily assembled and formed into tiles, and

depredation of rats or other vermin. The

Voutside wall maybe left terra cotta or glazed tile, and the inside wall may be terra cotta, painted, papered, perforated or roughened for plaster, or of glazed tile. With this material no studding or lathing is required, which effects a great saving in the cost of building.

Having thus described my invention, Il claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In asectional Wall, the section 20 having dovetail flanges 13 at both ends and intermediate parallel vertical ribs 14, 14 on both faces, substantially as set forth. i

2. In a sectional wall the angle piece or section 1G, 17 formed with vertical end flanges 11 grooved as shown, parallel vertical ribs 14 in the inner side of member 16, angle braces 18, substantially as set forth.

3. In a sectional wall, the combination with the inner and outer plates or sections having vertical dovetail grooves on their inner faces, and the transverse cross pieces 22, 22 having vertical dovetail ribs on their ends fitting said grooves and binding the parts together and provided on their adjacent facesbetween their ends with vertical grooves, of the cross piece 15 parallel with the said innerand outer sections and fitting at its ends into the said grooves in cross pieces 22 whereby two chambers are formed one to contain a filling and lthe other to form an air space, substantially as set forth.V y

4. A wall formed of innerand outer vertical plates orsections 10, 10 provided with vertical grooves at their abuttingends andunited by transverse vertical cross pieces the ends 13 of which enter said grooves; the corner of the wall having the` angle piece 16, 17 provided at the ends otitis members 16, 17 with Agrooves registering with those of the adjapieces 2O and 15 and the other havinga similar connection with cross piece 20 and member 16 of the angle section, substantially as set forth. A

J OHN STEWART, JR.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH A. STICKNEY, v FRANOETTE M. SwAsnY.

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